However, there is a considerable ecological problem in moso bamboo, as their flowers appear only once every 60–120 years, followed by the death of the flowered culms. Because of giant size, high production, various uses and wide distribution, it has long been considered as the most important economic bamboo species in China. De Lehaie), a member of Bambusoideae (Poaceae), is one typical vegetative, monopodial bamboo species, and native to the subtropics of China. Moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) H. There are also many traditional drugs associated with bamboos for treating fever and detoxification which have been used in Indian Ayurvedic medicine and Chinese herbal medicine since ancient times. They are used as bioactive agents for a variety of applications, including bamboo charcoal (bintochan), bamboo vinegar, bamboo juice, bamboo beer, bamboo salt, and tender shoot used in Chinese cuisine. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.īamboos are well-known for their therapeutical effects and potential health benefits. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.įunding: This study was supported by Key Program of Science and Technology Development Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (KZ201110028036), The “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” of National Science and Technology Support Project (2012BAD23B0503), National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. Received: JAccepted: MaPublished: April 23, 2014Ĭopyright: © 2014 Shen et al. Schlievert, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, United States of America have been isolated and cultured from moso bamboo seeds, and one of them (zzz816) could produce hypocrellin A at high yield, which is significantly different from the other strains published.Ĭitation: Shen X-Y, Cheng Y-L, Cai C-J, Fan L, Gao J, Hou C-L (2014) Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity of Culturable Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Moso Bamboo Seeds. In addition, it is the first time that strains of Shiraia sp. This study is the first report on the antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi associated with moso bamboo seeds, and the results show that they could be exploited as a potential source of bioactive compounds and plant defense activators. The crude extracts of isolates B09, B34, B35, B38 and zzz816 under submerged fermentation, also demonstrated various levels of bioactivities against bambusicolous pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, inhibitory effects against clinical pathogens and phytopathogens were screened preliminarily and strains B09 ( Cladosporium sp.), B34 ( Curvularia sp.), B35 (undefined genus 1), B38 ( Penicillium sp.) and zzz816 ( Shiraia sp.) displayed broad-spectrum activity against clinical bacteria and yeasts by the agar diffusion method. Four particular genera were considered to be newly recorded bambusicolous fungi, including Leptosphaerulina, Simplicillium, Sebacina and an unknown genus in Basidiomycetes. The fungal isolates showed high diversity and were divided in Ascomycota (98.0%) and Basidiomycota (2.0%), including at least 19 genera in nine orders. All the fungal endophytes were categorized into 69 morphotypes according to culturable characteristics and their internal transcriber spacer (ITS) regions were analyzed by BLAST search with the NCBI database. The molecular diversity of these endophytic fungi was investigated and bioactive compound producers were screened for the first time. In the present study, a total of 350 fungal strains were isolated from the uncommon moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) seeds for the first time. Bamboos, regarded as therapeutic agents in ethnomedicine, have been used to inhibit inflammation and enhance natural immunity for a long time in Asia, and there are many bamboo associated fungi with medical and edible value.
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